311 transistor record review7/15/2023 Today's analysis of EEG signals has moved from a simple visual inspection of the waveform, i.e., amplitude and frequency modulations to a more in-depth exploration of signals' temporal and spatial characteristics, thanks to the rapid development of information technologies. Berger, the German psychiatrist, a historical breakthrough for neurologic and psychiatric diagnosis back then. Noninvasive electroencephalogram (EEG) was innovated in 1929 by H. Electrophysiological recording method constitutes a crucial complementary strategy to imaging technologies, with the capability of decoding “brain waves” and revealing electrical activity. 3 Important data about brain status is coded in different time or frequency domain components and their interactions. In other words, LFPs are generated by the spatiotemporal summation of current sources and sinks caused by the ion flux in a given brain volume. ![]() 2 They communicate via action potentials or spikes, and the aggregate synaptic and spiking activity are defined as local field potential (LFP). Neural activity occurs mainly in the electric form through changes in their membrane potential caused by the ion flux through ion channels across the membrane. We introduce underlying mechanisms for multiple transistor building blocks, followed by an explicit discussion on effective design strategies toward flexible and stretchable organic transistor arrays with improved signal transduction capabilities at the transistor/neural interfaces. This review summarizes recent progress in neural activity recording and stimulation enabled by flexible and stretchable organic transistors. Organic transistors possess unique advantages in detecting low-amplitude signals at the physiologically relevant time scales in biotic environments, given their inherent amplification capabilities for in situ signal processing, designable flexibility, and biocompatibility features. ![]() ![]() Neural interfaces with a high spatiotemporal resolution, extreme mechanical compliance, and biocompatibility are essential for precisely recording brain activity and localizing neuronal patterns that generate pathological brain signals. Flexible electronics capable of interacting with biological tissues, and acquiring and processing biological information, are increasingly demanded to capture the dynamic physiological processes, understand the living organisms, and treat human diseases.
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